The smart Trick of CLBO Crystal That Nobody is Discussing
The smart Trick of CLBO Crystal That Nobody is Discussing
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Even so, to be able to method the crystal is rather Highly developed producing strategies are expected. Because the dawn of the crystal, focusing on this challenge, we are actually the only corporation on earth which might be processed With this crystal.
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The typical electric power from the NIR laser continue to has the likely to get improved to tens of watts including 70 W [26] When the double-move configuration could be utilized for your Yb:YAG SCF amplifier stage. For this reason, If your conversion efficiency of 31% from NIR to DUV could be nevertheless preserved at this increased electricity issue, the common output electric power of your DUV laser at 258 nm can be a lot more than twenty W, which would be a extraordinary electric power degree for your DUV laser and produce the unanticipated DUV laser machining results. In addition, for high-electric power DUV laser, the UV injury of your nonlinear crystal, such as the Home windows for CLBO crystal and the mirrors, is another vital parameter for long-lasting and stable operation.
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A result of the thermal lens outcome during the reliable-condition lasers, if the heating management is insufficient, it is not straightforward to acquire the reliable-state laser by using a superior electrical power along with a higher beam quality at the same time. A short while ago, with the event of The skinny disk laser and one-crystal fiber (SCF) laser, a significant-energy laser at the elemental wavelength (one μm) had been recognized with a good beam high-quality Despite a TEM00 manner beam [4,24], which would be good candidates for the basic of your DUV laser generation. A further candidate for the fundamental would be the higher-ability fiber laser which may be accomplished by coherent beam blend with M2 benefit below 1.
On one other aspect, the facility scaling from the NIR laser is an additional aspect to enhance the average electrical power of your 193-nm DUV laser. As a result of not enough the substantial-ability amplification Answer in the NIR laser (by way of example at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency processes including optical parameter oscillation (OPO) could possibly be placed on establish a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from one μm to the specified wavelength in addition to obtaining relative higher energy [21]. A short while ago, a diamond Raman laser showed its means in acquiring a superior electrical get more info power as well as a higher conversion efficiency within the 1st Stokes with the one-μm laser [22,23], which means the possibility to generally be applied during the 193-nm DUV laser generation because of its superior Raman gain and large frequency change.
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The conversion performance from fundamental NIR to DUV is from five% to 36% in accordance with the reported ends in Table 1. Expanding the conversion efficiency will reduce the burden on the design and set up of the elemental laser amplifier along with the electric ability usage. A very good beam high quality of the basic laser can even add into the increasing with the conversion efficiency as well as the appropriate electric power intensity from the NIR and inexperienced laser in the SHG and FHG process, respectively. The very best conversion efficiencies from NIR to inexperienced and green to DUV laser by use of CLBO crystal are 70% and close to 50%, respectively [12], which corresponds on the conversion effectiveness of 35% from elementary to DUV.
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